abstract：PURPOSE:This study determined the effects of a single session of heavy-resistance exercise on myosin heavy-chain (MHC) mRNA expression, along with the expression of the transcription factors Myo-D, myogenin, and Id-1. METHODS:Four male subjects participated in a control group (CON) and seven in a resistance-exercise g...

journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise

authors： Willoughby DS,Nelson MJ

更新日期：2002-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：PURPOSE:To investigate the effects of speech production on physiological responses during sub maximal exercise of various intensities. METHODS:Three constant levels running at work intensities corresponding to 65%, 75%, and 85% of the subjects' (N = 14) VO(2) max were performed with and without talking. These loads we...

journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise

authors： Meckel Y,Rotstein A,Inbar O

更新日期：2002-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：PURPOSE:The present study examined the effect of extreme old age on the plasticity of the rat plantaris muscle in response to an increase in mechanical load. METHODS:Male Fischer 344 rats, aged 7 months (adult) and 25 months (old) underwent bilateral surgical ablation of the gastrocnemius muscle to functionally overlo...

journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise

authors： Linderman JK,Blough ER

更新日期：2002-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：PURPOSE:There is interest in the potential long-term use of dietary supplementation with bovine colostrum to enhance exercise performance. The purpose of the present study was to determine the dose effects of bovine colostrum on cycling performance. METHODS:Forty-two competitive cyclists were randomly divided into thr...

journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise

authors： Coombes JS,Conacher M,Austen SK,Marshall PA

更新日期：2002-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：PURPOSE:This study was undertaken to determine whether endurance training is associated with changes in myocardial perfusion in humans. METHODS:Myocardial perfusion was measured in eleven trained and nine sedentary men at rest and during adenosine-stimulated hyperemia using positron emission tomography (PET). Left ven...

journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise

authors： Kalliokoski KK,Nuutila P,Laine H,Luotolahti M,Janatuinen T,Raitakari OT,Takala TO,Knuuti J

更新日期：2002-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：PURPOSE:The purpose of this investigation was to present an alternative paradigm to that of dividing the rate of oxygen consumption by body mass (VO2.M-1, mL.min-1kg-1) for comparing walking economy in humans. METHODS:The paradigm used dimensional analysis and similarity theory to derive a measure of size-independent ...

journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise

authors： McCann DJ,Adams WC

更新日期：2002-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：PURPOSE:The purpose of this investigation was to determine heart rate (HR)/oxygen consumption (VO2) calibration curves for exercising and sedentary women during pregnancy and the postpartum periods. METHODS:Fifty-two women were studied at three time points: 20 wk gestation, 32 wk gestation, and 12 wk postpartum. Subje...

journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise

authors： Pivarnik JM,Stein AD,Rivera JM

更新日期：2002-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：PURPOSE:To examine the relationship between physical activity and levels of plasma lipid peroxides, superoxide dismutase in erythrocytes (SOD), and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) in whole blood activities. METHODS:Cross-sectional study in 488 Spanish women. Two categories of leisure time physical activity were define...

journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise

authors： Covas MI,Elosua R,Fitó M,Alcántara M,Coca L,Marrugat J

更新日期：2002-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：PURPOSE:Heart rate (HR) is widely used to adjust exercise intensity in aerobic training. Training HR recommendations are calculated often from simple equations. Because at lactate steady state (LASS) may be an intensity of exercise eliciting similar objective measures of intensity and similar subjective measures of met...

journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise

authors： Roecker K,Niess AM,Horstmann T,Striegel H,Mayer F,Dickhuth HH

更新日期：2002-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：PURPOSE:The aim of this study was to test whether a tidally ventilated homogeneous lung model can correctly describe arterial and end-tidal gas partial pressures and thus the difference in end-tidal and arterial gas partial pressures at rest and during exercise. METHODS:The implemented mathematical modeling described ...

journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise

authors： Benallal H,Denis C,Prieur F,Busso T

更新日期：2002-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：PURPOSE:The range of variability between individuals of the same chronological age (CA) in somatic and biological maturity is large and especially accentuated around the adolescent growth spurt. Maturity assessment is an important consideration when dealing with adolescents, from both a research perspective and youth s...

journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise

authors： Mirwald RL,Baxter-Jones AD,Bailey DA,Beunen GP

更新日期：2002-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：PURPOSE:Recovery of ambulatory function after stroke is routinely assessed using standardized subject- or observer-rated instruments that do not directly measure ambulatory activities in the home-community setting. Accuracy of conventional pedometers in stroke patients is not established, limiting their application in ...

journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise

authors： Macko RF,Haeuber E,Shaughnessy M,Coleman KL,Boone DA,Smith GV,Silver KH

更新日期：2002-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：PURPOSE:Stroke volume response to exercise depends on changes in cardiac filling, intrinsic myocardial contractility, and left ventricular afterload. The purpose of this study was to compare these responses during an upright cycle test performed until exhaustion in children and adults. METHODS:Stroke volume, cardiac o...

journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise

authors： Nottin S,Vinet A,Stecken F,Nguyen LD,Ounissi F,Lecoq AM,Obert P

更新日期：2002-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：PURPOSE:The purpose of this study was to investigate the influence of different cycling cadences on metabolic and kinematic parameters during subsequent running. METHODS:Eight triathletes performed two incremental tests (running and cycling) to determine maximal oxygen uptake (VO2max) and ventilatory threshold (VT) va...

journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise

authors： Vercruyssen F,Brisswalter J,Hausswirth C,Bernard T,Bernard O,Vallier JM

更新日期：2002-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：PURPOSE:Regular physical activity leads to a more favorable cardiovascular risk factor profile and a lower risk of developing incident coronary heart disease (CHD). These correlations suggest that higher levels of physical activity should also attenuate the presence and extent of coronary atherosclerosis. METHODS:Phys...

journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise

authors： Taylor AJ,Watkins T,Bell D,Carrow J,Bindeman J,Scherr D,Feuerstein I,Wong H,Bhattarai S,Vaitkus M,O'Malley PG

更新日期：2002-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：PURPOSE:To test our hypothesis that differences in urinary calcium excretion among blacks and whites may be secondary to ethnic variations in acid (H(+)) metabolism and to prove that increases in titratable acid excretion would be found among individuals predisposed to the development of stress fractures. METHODS:We a...

journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise

authors： Vaitkevicius H,Witt R,Maasdam M,Walters K,Gould M,Mackenzie S,Farrow S,Lockette W

更新日期：2002-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：PURPOSE:It is unclear how muscle strength in tibial rotation and knee abduction change following anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury and reconstruction. Such strength changes are likely, considering the oblique orientation of the ACL and the constraint provided by the ACL at various tibial rotation and adduction po...

journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise

authors： Zhang LQ,Nuber GW,Bowen MK,Koh JL,Butler JP

更新日期：2002-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：PURPOSE:Blood is a rich source of growth factors that can stimulate fibrocyte migration and help induce neovascular ingrowth. These properties may be able to stimulate a healing response in chronic degeneration of a tendon (tendonosis). The purpose of this study was to assess the biomechanical and histological effects ...

journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise

authors： Taylor MA,Norman TL,Clovis NB,Blaha JD

更新日期：2002-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：PURPOSE:To determine the effects of age, gender, and ethnicity on the predicted aerobic power of youth as they age from 8 to 16 yr. METHODS:The sample was a multicohort group of 2540 African Americans (N = 543) and Caucasians (N = 1997), 1279 (50.4%) girls and 1261 (49.6%) boys. Heights, weights, and sum of skin folds...

journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise

authors： McMurray RG,Harrell JS,Bradley CB,Deng S,Bangdiwala SI

更新日期：2002-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：PURPOSE:A cyclical operational model is proposed to examine the interrelationship of a number of factors that are involved in sports injury epidemiology. In sports injury research, investigations often attempt to identify a unique risk factor that distinguishes an injured player. However, a wide variety of factors can ...

journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise

authors： Gissane C,White J,Kerr K,Jennings D

更新日期：2001-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：PURPOSE:Arterial distensibility decreases with age. This decrease may be associated with the initiation and/or progression of hypertension and atherosclerosis and may be attenuated by positive lifestyle habits, including habitual physical activity. We tested the hypothesis that self-reported sport, leisure, and work ph...

journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise

authors： Schmitz KH,Arnett DK,Bank A,Liao D,Evans GW,Evenson KR,Stevens J,Sorlie P,Folsom AR

更新日期：2001-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：PURPOSE:To describe the level of usage of protective devices and equipment in a cohort of New Zealand rugby players. METHODS:Male and female players (N = 327) from a range of competitive grades were followed over the course of the season. Participants were interviewed weekly about their participation in rugby and use ...

journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise

authors： Marshall SW,Waller AE,Loomis DP,Feehan M,Chalmers DJ,Bird YN,Quarrie KL

更新日期：2001-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：PURPOSE:We investigated ethnic differences in areal bone mineral density (aBMD; g x cm(-2)) and its determinants at two levels of maturity in Asian- and Caucasian-Canadian girls. METHODS:Participants were 131 Asian (26 Tanner breast stage I (aTI) and 30 Tanner II (aTII)), and Caucasian (30 Tanner I (cTI) and 45 Tanner...

journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise

authors： Mackelvie KJ,McKay HA,Khan KM,Crocker PR

更新日期：2001-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Although low back pain (LBP) is a widespread and disabling health problem, there is a lack of evidence based medicine with respect to its treatment and rehabilitation. A major reason for this is the poor understanding of the underlying mechanisms of the LBP syndromes. In an attempt to fill this gap, the present review...

journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise

authors： Ebenbichler GR,Oddsson LI,Kollmitzer J,Erim Z

更新日期：2001-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：PURPOSE:Physical activity questionnaires (PAQs) are considered the most cost-efficient method to estimate total energy expenditure (TEE) in epidemiological studies. However, relatively few PAQs have been validated using doubly labeled water (DLW) in women or in samples with diverse ethnic backgrounds. This study was co...

journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise

authors： Staten LK,Taren DL,Howell WH,Tobar M,Poehlman ET,Hill A,Reid PM,Ritenbaugh C

更新日期：2001-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：PURPOSE:This investigation assessed the effects of a 9-wk regimen of creatine monohydrate (Cr x H2O) supplementation coupled with resistance training on body composition and neuromuscular performance in NCAA Division I football athletes. METHODS:Twenty-five subjects were randomly assigned in a double-blind, randomized...

journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise

authors： Bemben MG,Bemben DA,Loftiss DD,Knehans AW

更新日期：2001-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：PURPOSE:The purpose of this paper was to determine whether differences in hemoglobin (Hb) and muscle aerobic capacity exist between African-American (AA) and Caucasian (CA) premenopausal women and to determine whether Hb and aerobic capacity of the muscle are associated with the racial differences in maximum oxygen upt...

journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise

authors： Hunter GR,Weinsier RL,McCarthy JP,Enette Larson-Meyer D,Newcomer BR

更新日期：2001-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：PURPOSE:To evaluate long-term susceptibility to subsequent serious exertional heat illness (EHI) in military recruits who suffered exertional heat illness during basic training. METHODS:We identified Marine Corps members who completed at least 6 months of military service and suffered EHI treated as outpatients (N = 8...

journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise

authors： Phinney LT,Gardner JW,Kark JA,Wenger CB

更新日期：2001-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：PURPOSE:Most studies that use either a single exercise session, exercise training, or a cross-sectional design have failed to find a relationship between exercise and plasma lipoprotein(a) [Lp(a)] concentrations. However, a few studies investigating the effects of longer and/or more strenuous exercise have shown elevat...

journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise

authors： Durstine JL,Davis PG,Ferguson MA,Alderson NL,Trost SG

更新日期：2001-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：PURPOSE:Walking is likely to contribute substantially to nonexercise activity thermogenesis. The Tracmor triaxial accelerometer system (Maastricht, The Netherlands) is the most widely validated system for detecting body movement in free-living subjects. The aim of this study was to validate the Tracmor triaxial acceler...

journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise

authors： Levine JA,Baukol PA,Westerterp KR

更新日期：2001-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Skeletal muscle is characterized by its ability to dynamically adapt to variable levels of functional demands. During periods of insufficient training stimulus, muscular detraining occurs. This may be characterized by a decreased capillary density, which could take place within 2--3 wk of inactivity. Arterial-venous o...

journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise

authors： Mujika I,Padilla S

更新日期：2001-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：PURPOSE:The purpose of this study was to investigate the physiological and performance responses to a simulated freestyle wrestling tournament after typical weight loss techniques used by amateur wrestlers. METHODS:Twelve Division I collegiate wrestlers (mean +/- SD;19.33 +/- 1.16 yr) lost 6% of total body weight duri...

journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise

authors： Kraemer WJ,Fry AC,Rubin MR,Triplett-McBride T,Gordon SE,Koziris LP,Lynch JM,Volek JS,Meuffels DE,Newton RU,Fleck SJ

更新日期：2001-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：PURPOSE:To evaluate effectively interventions to increase physical activity among older persons, reliable and valid measures of physical activity are required that can also detect the expected types of physical activity changes in this population. This paper describes a self-report physical activity questionnaire for o...

journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise

authors： Stewart AL,Mills KM,King AC,Haskell WL,Gillis D,Ritter PL

更新日期：2001-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：PURPOSE:According to the force-velocity relationship of human skeletal muscle, the maximal load one can lift is limited by the concentric movement phase, and the eccentric phase is always underloaded. In the present study, we hypothesized that acute exercise training using an eccentric overload compared with standard l...

journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise

authors： Hortobágyi T,Devita P,Money J,Barrier J

更新日期：2001-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The papers in this supplement to Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise seek to summarize our knowledge of the dose-response relationship of exercise with a variety of health outcomes. This type of rigorous evidence summation has become quite popular in the past 10 years as health care providers and policymakers ...

journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise

authors： Schriger DL

更新日期：2001-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：PURPOSE:The effect of quantified resistance and high impact exercise training on bone mass as modified by age and oral contraceptive (OCont) use in young women was studied. METHODS:Women were categorized by age (18-23 vs 24-31 yr) and OCont use, and were then randomized into either three sessions of resistance exercis...

journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise

authors： Weaver CM,Teegarden D,Lyle RM,McCabe GP,McCabe LD,Proulx W,Kern M,Sedlock D,Anderson DD,Hillberry BM,Peacock M,Johnston CC

更新日期：2001-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：PURPOSE:Past investigations indicate that training-related injuries are associated with certain performance-oriented measures of physical fitness and certain lifestyle characteristics. This study examined associations between injuries, direct (physiological) measures of physical fitness, and lifestyle characteristics. ...

journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise

authors： Knapik JJ,Sharp MA,Canham-Chervak M,Hauret K,Patton JF,Jones BH

更新日期：2001-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：PURPOSE:The purpose of this study was to determine whether there is a relationship between overall fitness improvement and varying amounts of running and movement mileage. METHODS:Subjects were male U.S. Navy recruits (N = 1703, 25 divisions), ages 17-35 yr (mean age = 20.1 +/- 2.9 yr), who attended boot camp from Apr...

journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise

authors： Trank TV,Ryman DH,Minagawa RY,Trone DW,Shaffer RA

更新日期：2001-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：PURPOSE:The effects of chronic exercise training on the expression of heat shock protein (HSP) in skeletal muscle of senescent animals are unknown. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of chronic exercise training on skeletal muscle HSP expression in both young and old rats. METHODS:Youn...

journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise

authors： Naito H,Powers SK,Demirel HA,Aoki J

更新日期：2001-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：PURPOSE:Power training plays an essential part in many sport disciplines. The importance of eccentric power training remains a matter of controversial discussion. The objective of this study was therefore to investigate the difference in metabolic reaction between eccentric and concentric stress in comparable work. ME...

journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise

authors： Horstmann T,Mayer F,Maschmann J,Niess A,Roecker K,Dickhuth HH

更新日期：2001-05-01 00:00:00